Preparation for sowing of vegetable seeds

Preparation for sowing of vegetable seeds

Article by Praveen

Period of germination of seeds of different crops

If you have to sow the seeds stored for several years, you should check their germination. Wet paper towel to spread a newspaper on a quarter of its lay out 50-100 pc. seeds, cover them swipe at the other end and put the seeds in a plastic bag, which is placed in a dark place or cover with black cloth and kept at a temperature of 18-25 ° C from 7 to 16 days depending on the particular culture. Every day, take out a napkin for a few minutes to ventilate, remove moldy and rotten seeds . The number of seeds, which gave normal seedlings, characterizes germination.

Terms of seed storage in the home

To seed quality has not decreased, they must be stored in dry, heated room with temperatures ranging from 5 to 20 ° C. Even a short stay of seeds in a damp, cold place, can sharply reduce their germination.

Factors vliyayushie on seed germination

To get a friendly plantlets great importance is the correct soil preparation, seed selection period, the depth of seed placement, moisture and soil temperature after planting, but it is particularly important for the healthy sow the seeds. Most soils of heavy texture Kazakhstan readily swims after rain and irrigation, the dry surface of a dense, very hard crust, which is the raw seed sprouts can not penetrate. When exposed to seeds of various physical factors and chemicals can increase their viability, vitality and vigor, resistance to cold, drought, disease, accelerate flowering, ripening and increase productivity .

Sorting seeds

Usually large, well-made seeds give a friendly shoots and the plants are doing better. Sorting seeds krupnosemennyh crops (cucumber, pumpkin, watermelon, melon , peas, beans) are done manually, and small-seeded, for specific gravity: they are immersed in a vessel with 3-5% solution of potassium nitrate or potassium (sodium) salt, mix thoroughly and give a 4-5 min. Let stand, surfaced and poorly executed shrunken removed. Remaining at the bottom of a full-fledged seeds were washed with water, dried and sown to flowability, or conduct further process.

When manually sorting emit not only small, shriveled seeds, but also damaged, malformed, with a changed color.

Heating the seed

The seeds of all crops respond well to solar heating. Shortly before planting them on a clear day spread in a thin layer of dark cloth or black paper in a well lit by the sun, sheltered from the wind site and periodically stirred. Seeds of cucumber, zucchini , watermelon, pumpkin and melon heated in the sun for 2-3 days, other cultures – one day.

Decontamination of seeds

When warming not only increases the speed of biochemical processes in germinating seeds, and by a partial decontamination them. The seeds of cabbage , peppers, eggplant is heated in water at a temperature of 48-50 ° C for 20-30 min., then for 2-3 min. immersed in cold water, then dried and sown. Against viral infections and some bacterial-and fungal diseases of seed treatment is used in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate (10 g, or 2 full teaspoons, 1 liter of water) for 20-30 min and in 0.1% formalin solution (a teaspoon of 40% formalin for 1 liter of water) for 20 min followed by thorough rinsing with clean water.

Seeds and etched in TMTD, fentiurame, granozane etc. These substances are poisonous, and must work with them carefully. Use them in small doses (2-4 g per 1 kg of seeds). Etching “by eye” leads to a drastic reduction in germination, but very often this use of certain drugs causes a complete loss of seeds.

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